Python 3.10.4 (tags/v3.10.4:9d38120, Mar 23 2022, 23:13:41) [MSC v.1929 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32 Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information. DreamPie 1.2.1 >>> for i in range(10): ... print(i, end=' ') ... else: ... print('Konec!') 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Konec! >>> for i in range(10): ... if i == 7: break ... print(i, end=' ') ... else: ... print('Konec!') 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 >>> i 0: 7 >>> for i in range(10): ... if i == 7: break ... print(i, end=' ') ... else: ... print('Konec!') ... del i 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 >>> i Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#4>", line 1, in <module> i NameError: name 'i' is not defined >>> 'ahoj'*3 1: 'ahojahojahoj' >>> 3*'ahoj' 2: 'ahojahojahoj' >>> 'ahoj'*0 3: '' >>> sorted('koníček') 4: ['e', 'k', 'k', 'n', 'o', 'í', 'č'] >>> import locale >>> sorted('koníček', key=locale.strxfrm) 5: ['e', 'k', 'k', 'n', 'o', 'í', 'č'] >>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'czech') 6: 'Czech_Czechia.1250' >>> sorted('koníček', key=locale.strxfrm) 7: ['č', 'e', 'í', 'k', 'k', 'n', 'o'] >>> hash(1) 8: 1 >>> hash('ahoj') 9: -7929849846895080554 >>> hash(('ahoj', 1)) 10: 431564283804132431 >>> hash(print) 11: -4611677369817192512 >>> hash([1, 'ahoj']) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#17>", line 1, in <module> hash([1, 'ahoj']) TypeError: unhashable type: 'list' >>> eval('2+3') 12: 5 >>> eval('for x in "ahoj": print(x)') Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#19>", line 1, in <module> eval('for x in "ahoj": print(x)') File "<string>", line 1 for x in "ahoj": print(x) ^^^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax >>> eval('import os') Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#20>", line 1, in <module> eval('import os') File "<string>", line 1 import os ^^^^^^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax >>> for i in range(5): print(i) 0 1 2 3 4 >>> for i in range(5): print(i); print('Baf!') 0 Baf! 1 Baf! 2 Baf! 3 Baf! 4 Baf! >>> len('ahoj') 13: 4 >>> '12 to by nešlo 24'.strip('123') 14: ' to by nešlo 24' >>> '12 to by nešlo 24'.strip('1234') 15: ' to by nešlo ' >>> '12 to by nešlo 24'.strip('134') 16: '2 to by nešlo 2' >>> '12 to by nešlo 24'.strip() 17: '12 to by nešlo 24' >>> ' \t \n 12 to by nešlo 24 '.strip() 18: '12 to by nešlo 24' >>> len('Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2') 19: 45 >>> xs = [ ... ['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'], ... ['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'], ... ['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón'], ... ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell'], ... ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'], ... ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'], ... ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'], ... ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates'], ... ] >>> len(xs) 20: 8 >>> xs[-1] 21: ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates'] >>> sorted(xs) 22: [['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'], ['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'], ['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón'], ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell'], ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'], ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'], ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'], ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates']] >>> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: x[1]) 23: [['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'], ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'], ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates'], ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell'], ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'], ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'], ['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'], ['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón']] >>> def řazení(x): ... print(x) ... return x >>> sorted(xs, key=řazení) ['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'] ['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'] ['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón'] ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell'] ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'] ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'] ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'] ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates'] 24: [['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'], ['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'], ['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón'], ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell'], ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'], ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'], ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'], ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates']] >>> def řazení(x): ... print('-->', x) ... return x >>> sorted(xs, key=řazení) --> ['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'] --> ['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'] --> ['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón'] --> ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell'] --> ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'] --> ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'] --> ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'] --> ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates'] 25: [['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'], ['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'], ['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón'], ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell'], ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'], ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'], ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'], ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates']] >>> def řazení(x): ... print('-->', x) ... return x[1] >>> sorted(xs, key=řazení) --> ['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'] --> ['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'] --> ['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón'] --> ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell'] --> ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'] --> ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'] --> ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'] --> ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates'] 26: [['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'], ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'], ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates'], ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell'], ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'], ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'], ['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'], ['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón']] >>> def řazení(x): ... print('-->', x) ... return x[-1] >>> sorted(xs, key=řazení) --> ['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'] --> ['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'] --> ['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón'] --> ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell'] --> ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'] --> ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'] --> ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'] --> ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates'] 27: [['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón'], ['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'], ['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'], ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'], ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'], ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'], ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates'], ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell']] >>> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (x[1], -x[-2])) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#43>", line 1, in <module> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (x[1], -x[-2])) File "<pyshell#43>", line 1, in <lambda> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (x[1], -x[-2])) TypeError: bad operand type for unary -: 'str' >>> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (x[1], x[-2])) 28: [['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'], ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'], ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates'], ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell'], ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'], ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'], ['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'], ['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón']] >>> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (x[1], x[-2]), reverse=True) 29: [['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón'], ['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'], ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'], ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'], ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell'], ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates'], ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'], ['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus']] >>> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (x[1], x[-2])) 30: [['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'], ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'], ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates'], ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell'], ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'], ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'], ['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'], ['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón']] >>> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (x[-1], x[-2])) 31: [['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón'], ['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'], ['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'], ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'], ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'], ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'], ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates'], ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell']] >>> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (x[-1], -int(x[-2]))) 32: [['3', 'Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban', '2004', 'Alfonso Cuarón'], ['2', 'Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets', '2002', 'Chris Columbus'], ['1', "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", '2001', 'Chris Columbus'], ['7b', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2', '2011', 'David Yates'], ['7a', 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1', '2010', 'David Yates'], ['6', 'Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince', '2009', 'David Yates'], ['5', 'Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix', '2007', 'David Yates'], ['4', 'Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire', '2005', 'Mike Newell']] >>> unicodedata.normalize('NFD', 'koníček').encode('ascii', 'ignore').decode('ascii') Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#49>", line 1, in <module> unicodedata.normalize('NFD', 'koníček').encode('ascii', 'ignore').decode('ascii') NameError: name 'unicodedata' is not defined >>> import unicodedata >>> unicodedata.normalize('NFD', 'koníček').encode('ascii', 'ignore').decode('ascii') 33: 'konicek' >>> unicodedata.normalize('NFD', 'koníček').encode('ascii', 'ignore') 34: b'konicek' >>> unicodedata.normalize('NFD', 'koníček') 35: 'koníček' >>> 'koníček'.encode('ascii', 'ignore') 36: b'konek' >>> 'koníček'.encode('ascii') Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#55>", line 1, in <module> 'koníček'.encode('ascii') UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 3-4: ordinal not in range(128) >>> xs = 'text nezáživný obsahující slov vybraných několik' >>> xs.split() 37: ['text', 'nezáživný', 'obsahující', 'slov', 'vybraných', 'několik'] >>> xs = 'text nezáživný obsahující slov vybraných několik'.split() >>> xs 38: ['text', 'nezáživný', 'obsahující', 'slov', 'vybraných', 'několik'] >>> sorted(xs) 39: ['nezáživný', 'několik', 'obsahující', 'slov', 'text', 'vybraných'] >>> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (..., len(x), x)) 40: ['slov', 'text', 'několik', 'nezáživný', 'vybraných', 'obsahující'] >>> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (..., len(x))) 41: ['text', 'slov', 'několik', 'nezáživný', 'vybraných', 'obsahující'] >>> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (..., len(x), x)) 42: ['slov', 'text', 'několik', 'nezáživný', 'vybraných', 'obsahující'] >>> def samohlásek(x): ... x = x.lower() ... i = 0 ... for x in 'aeiouy': ... i += x.count(x) ... return i >>> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (samohlásek(x), len(x), x)) 43: ['slov', 'text', 'několik', 'nezáživný', 'vybraných', 'obsahující'] >>> def samohlásek(x): ... x = x.lower() ... i = 0 ... for x in 'aáeéěiíoóuůúyý': ... i += x.count(x) ... return i >>> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (samohlásek(x), len(x), x)) 44: ['slov', 'text', 'několik', 'nezáživný', 'vybraných', 'obsahující'] >>> def samohlásek(x): ... x = x.lower() ... i = 0 ... for z in 'aáeéěiíoóuůúyý': ... i += x.count(z) ... return i >>> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (samohlásek(x), len(x), x)) 45: ['slov', 'text', 'několik', 'vybraných', 'nezáživný', 'obsahující'] >>> def samohlásek(x): ... x, i = x.lower(), 0 ... for samohláska in 'aáeéěiíoóuůúyý': ... i += x.count(samohláska) ... return i >>> sorted(xs, key=lambda x: (samohlásek(x), len(x), x)) 46: ['slov', 'text', 'několik', 'vybraných', 'nezáživný', 'obsahující'] >>> xs 47: ['text', 'nezáživný', 'obsahující', 'slov', 'vybraných', 'několik'] >>>